CCTV Glossary
Cascadia Video Products LLC
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C
Cable equalization - The process of altering the frequency response of a video amplifier to
compensate for high frequency losses in coaxial cable.
CAD - Computer-aided design. This usually refers to a design of system that uses computer
specialized software.
Candela [cd] - A unit for measuring luminous intensity. One candela is approximately equal to
the amount of light energy generated by an ordinary candle. Since 1948 a more precise definition
of a candela has become: “the luminous intensity of a black body heated up to a temperature at
which platinum converges from a liquid state to a solid.”
CATV - Community antenna television.
C-band - A range of microwave frequencies, 3.7~4.2 GHz, commonly used for satellite
communications.
CCD - Charge-coupled device. The new age imaging device, replacing the old tubes. When first
invented in the 1970s, it was initially intended to be used as a memory device. Most often used in
cameras, but also in telecine, fax machines, scanners, etc.
CCD aperture - The proportion of the total area of a CCD chip that is photosensitive.
CCIR - Committée Consultatif International des Radiocommuniqué or, in English, Consultative
Committee for International Radio, which is the European standardization body that has set the
standards for television in Europe. It was initially monochrome; therefore, today the term CCIR is
usually used to refer to monochrome cameras that are used in PAL countries.
CCIR 601 - An international standard (renamed ITU 601) for component digital television that
was derived from the SMPTE RP1 25 and EBU 3246E standards. ITU 601 defines the sampling
systems, matrix values and filter characteristics for Y, Cr, Cb and RGB component digital television.
It establishes a 4:2:2 sampling scheme at 13.5 MHz for the luminance channel and 6.75MHz for
the chrominance channels with eight-bit digitizing for each channel. These sample frequencies
were chosen because they work for both 525-line 60Hz and 625-line 50Hz component video
systems. The term 4:2:2 refers to the ratio of the number of luminance channel samples to the
number of chrominance channel samples; for every four luminance samples, the chrominance
channels are each sampled twice. The Dl digital videotape format conforms to ITU 601.
CCIR 656 - The international standard (renamed ITU 601) defining the electrical and mechanical
interfaces for digital television equipment operating according to the ITU 601 standard. ITU 656
defines both the parallel and serial connector pinouts, as well as the blanking, sync and
multiplexing schemes used in both parallel and serial interfaces.
CCTV - Closed circuit television. Television system intended for only a limited number of viewers,
as opposed to broadcast TV.
CCTV camera - A unit containing an imaging device that produces a video signal in the basic
bandwidth.
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