CCTV Glossary
Cascadia Video Products LLC
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CCTV installation - A CCTV system, or an associated group of systems, together with all
necessary hardware, auxiliary lighting, etc., located at the protected site.
CCTV system - An arrangement comprising of a camera and lens with all ancillary equipment
required for the surveillance of a specific protected area.
CCVE - Stands for closed circuit video equipment. An alternative acronym for CCTV.
CD - Compact disc. A standard of media as proposed by Philips and Sony, where music and data
are stored in digital format.
CD-ROM - Compact disk read only memory. The total capacity of a CD-ROM when storing data
is 640 MB.
CDS - Correlated double sampling. A technique used in the design of some CCD cameras that
reduces the video signal noise generated by the chip.
CFA - Color filter array. A set of optical pixel filters used in single-chip color CCD cameras to
produce the color components of a video signal.
Chip - An integrated circuit in which all the components are micro-fabricated on a tiny piece of
silicon or similar material.
Chroma crawl - An artifact of encoded video, also known as dot crawl or cross-luminance, Occurs
in the video picture around the edges of highly saturated colors as a continuous series of crawling
dots and is a result of color information being confused as luminance information by the decoder
circuits.
Chroma gain (chroma, color, saturation) - In video, the gain of an amplifier as it pertains to the
intensity of colors in the active picture.
Chroma key (color key) - A video key effect in which one video signal is inserted in place of areas
of a particular color in another video signal.
Chrominance - The color information of a color video signal.
Chrominance-to-luminance intermodulatlon (crosstalk, cross-modulation) - An undesirable
change in luminance amplitude caused by superimposition of some chrominance information on
the luminance signal. Appears in a TV picture as unwarranted brightness variations caused by
changes in color saturation levels.
CIE - Commission Internationale de l’Eclairagé. This is the International Committee for Light,
established in 1965. It defines and recommends light units.
Clamping (DC) - The circuit or process that restores the DC component of a signal. A video
clamp circuit, usually triggered by horizontal synchronizing pulses, re-establishes a fixed DC
reference level for the video signal. A major benefit of a clamp is the removal of low-frequency
interference, especially power line hum.
Cladding - The outer part of a fiber optics cable, which is also a fiber but with a smaller material
density than the center core. It enables a total reflection effect so that the light transmitted
through the internal core stays inside.
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