CCTV Glossary
Cascadia Video Products LLC
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Color subcarrler - The 3.58MHz signal that carries color information. This signal is
superimposed on the luminance level. Amplitude of the color subcarrier represents saturation and
phase angle represents hue.
Color temperature - Indicates the hue of the color. It is derived from photography where the
spectrum of colors is based upon a comparison of the hues produced when a black body (as in
Physics) is heated from red through yellow to blue, which is the hottest. Color temperature
measurements are expressed in Kelvin.
Comb filter - An electrical filter circuit that passes a series of frequencies and rejects the
frequencies in between, producing a frequency response similar to the teeth of a
comb - Used on encoded video to select the chrominance signal and reject the luminance signal,
thereby reducing cross-chrominance artifacts or conversely, to select the luminance signal and
reject the chrominance signal, thereby reducing
cross-luminance artifacts - Introduced in the S-VHS concept for a better luminance resolution.
Composite sync - A signal consisting of horizontal sync pulses, vertical sync pulses and
equalizing pulses only, with a no-signal reference level.
Composite video signal - A signal in which the luminance and chrominance information has been
combined using one of the coding standards NTSC, PAL, SECAM, etc.
Concave lens - A lens that has negative focal length, i.e., the focus is virtual and it reduces the
objects.
Contrast - A common term used in reference to the video picture dynamic range, i.e., the
difference between the darkest and the brightest parts of an image.
Convex lens - A convex lens has a positive focal length, i.e., the focus is real. It is usually called
magnifying glass, since it magnifies the objects.
CPU - Central processing unit. A common term used in computers.
CRO - Cathode ray oscilloscope (see Oscilloscope).
Crosstalk - A type of interference or undesired transmission of signals from one circuit into another
circuit in the same system. Usually caused by unintentional capacitance (AC coupling).
CS-Mount - A newer standard for lens mounting. It uses the same physical thread as the C-
mount, but the back flange-to-CCD distance is reduced to 12.5 mm in order to have the lenses
made smaller, more compact and less expensive. CS-mount lenses can only be used on CS-
mount cameras.
CS-to-C-mount adaptor - An adaptor used to convert a CS-mount camera to C-mount to
accomodate a C-mount lens. It looks like a ring 5 mm thick, with a male thread on one side and a
female on the other, with 1'' diameter and 32 threads/inch. It usually comes packaged with the
newer type (CS-mount) of cameras.
CVBS - Composite video bar signal. In broadcast television this refers to the video signal,
including the color information and syncs.
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